Preloaded IOL injector

ABSTRACT

A preloaded intraocular lens injection device includes a retainer for releasably holding an IOL in an unstressed state. The retainer and IOL are removably attached to an injector body and are sealed in the same package for delivery to a surgeon. In an alternate embodiment, the retainer and IOL are coupled together and sealed in one package and the injector body is sealed in a separate package with the surgeon attaching the retainer to the injector body at the time of surgery. To deliver the IOL through the injector body, the retainer is removed from the injector body causing the IOL to release from the retainer and become located in an unstressed state in the injector body. A compressor is moved to the closed position to compress the IOL, the injector tip is inserted through a small incision in an eye and a plunger is advanced to push the IOL through and out the injector body tip and into an eye.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to ophthalmic surgical devices and methods. More particularly, the present invention relates to a device and method for inserting an intraocular lens (IOL) into an eye and wherein the IOL may be conveniently preloaded in and packaged together with the injector device.

IOLs are artificial lenses used to replace the natural crystalline lens of the eye when the natural lens has cataracts or is otherwise diseased. IOLs are also sometimes implanted into an eye to correct refractive errors of the eye in which case the natural lens may remain in the eye together with the implanted IOL. The IOL may be placed in either the posterior chamber or anterior chamber of the eye. IOLs come in a variety of configurations and materials. Some common IOL styles include the so-called open-looped haptics which include the three-piece type having an optic and two haptics attached to and extending from the optic; the one-piece type wherein the optic and haptics are integrally formed (e.g., by machining the optic and haptics together from a single block of material); and also the closed looped haptic IOLs. Yet a further style of IOL is called the plate haptic type wherein the haptics are configured as a flat plate extending from opposite sides of the optic. The IOL may be made from a variety of materials or combination of materials such as PMMA, silicone, hydrogels and silicone hydrogels, etc.

Various instruments and methods for implanting the IOL in the eye are known. In one method, the surgeon simply uses surgical forceps having opposing blades which are used to grasp the IOL and insert it through the incision into the eye. While this method is still practiced today, more and more surgeons are using more sophisticated IOL inserter devices which offer advantages such as affording the surgeon more control when inserting the IOL into the eye. IOL inserter devices have recently been developed with reduced diameter insertion tips which allow for a much smaller incision to be made in the cornea than is possible using forceps alone. Smaller incision sizes (e.g., less than about 3 mm) are preferred over larger incisions (e.g., about 3.2 to 5+mm) since smaller incisions have been attributed to reduced post-surgical healing time and complications such as induced astigmatism.

Since IOLs are very small and delicate articles of manufacture, great care must be taken in their handling. In order for the IOL to fit through the smaller incisions, they need to be folded and/or compressed prior to entering the eye wherein they will assume their original unfolded/uncompressed shape. The IOL inserter device must therefore be designed in such a way as to permit the easy passage of the IOL through the device and into the eye, yet at the same time not damage the delicate IOL in any way. Should the IOL be damaged during delivery into the eye, the surgeon will most likely need to extract the damaged IOL from the eye and replace it with a new IOL, a highly undesirable surgical outcome.

Thus, as explained above, the IOL inserter device must be designed to permit easy passage of the IOL therethrough. It is equally important that the IOL be expelled from the tip of the IOL inserter device and into the eye in a predictable orientation and manner. Should the IOL be expelled from the tip too quickly or in the wrong orientation, the surgeon must further manipulate the IOL in the eye which could result in trauma to the surrounding tissues of the eye. It is therefore highly desirable to have an inserter device which allows for precise loading of the IOL into the inserter device and which will pass and expel the IOL from the inserter device tip and into the eye in a controlled, predictable and repeatable manner.

To ensure controlled expression of the IOL through the tip of the IOL inserter device, the IOL must first be loaded into the IOL inserter device. The loading of the IOL into the inserter device is therefore a precise and very important step in the process. Incorrect loading of an IOL into the inserter device is oftentimes cited as the reason for a failed IOL delivery sequence. Many IOL injector devices on the market today require the IOL to be loaded into the injector at the time of surgery by the attending nurse and/or surgeon. Due to the delicate nature of the IOL, there is a risk that the nurse and/or surgeon will inadvertently damage the IOL and/or incorrectly load the IOL into the injector device resulting in a failed implantation. Direct handling and/or loading of the IOL into the injector by the nurse and/or surgeon is therefore undesirable.

In a typical IOL inserter device, the IOL inserter utilizes a plunger having a tip which engages the IOL (which has been previously loaded and compressed into the inserter lumen) to pass it through the inserter lumen. The IOL thus interfaces with the plunger tip as well as the lumen of the inserter device. The lumen typically is dimensioned with a narrowing toward the open tip thereof in order to further compress the IOL as it is advanced through the lumen. The tip of the lumen is sized for insertion through the surgical incision which, as stated above, is presently preferred in the sub 3 mm range. Thus, an inserter lumen will typically be dimensioned larger at the load area of the IOL and gradually decrease in diameter to the tip of the lumen where the IOL is expressed into the eye. It will be appreciated that the compressed diameter of the IOL at the lumen tip is the same as the inner diameter of the lumen tip, preferably sub 3 mm as stated above. Each of these component interfaces are dynamic in the sense that the forces acting between the interfacing components (i.e., the IOL, the plunger tip and the inserter lumen) will vary as the IOL is pushed through the lumen. Control of these dynamic forces is therefore of utmost importance or otherwise the IOL may be damaged during delivery due to excessive compressive forces acting thereon. For example, as the IOL is advanced by the plunger through an ever-decreasing diameter lumen, the IOL is being compressed while at the same time the forces necessary to push the IOL through the lumen increase. This may lead to excessive force between the plunger tip and the IOL resulting in possible damage to the IOL and/or uncontrolled release of the IOL from the lumen tip. Also, the force of the plunger tip may cause the IOL to twist and/or turn as it is moved through the inserter whereby the force between the IOL and the plunger tip and/or the inserter lumen may uncontrollably increase to the point of IOL damage.

Various inserter devices have been proposed which attempt to address these problems, yet there remains a need for an IOL inserter and method which removes the need for direct handling of the IOL by the nurse and/or surgeon and which generally simplifies operation of the IOL injector device and IOL delivery process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In a first aspect of the invention, an injector device is provided having an IOL preloaded therein and wherein the injector device and IOL are packaged together as a single unit. The IOL is releasably held by an IOL retainer in a “preloaded” position in the unstressed state; i.e., in a state where substantially no stress acts upon the optic portion thereof. In this embodiment, the device is in the preloaded position from the time of final assembly and packaging at the manufacturing site, through shipping and actual use of the device by a surgeon. The storage position is thus the position of the IOL while it is held by the IOL retainer.

The injector body includes an opening and IOL loading bay wherein the retainer removably attaches to the inserter body with the IOL captured by the retainer and held thereby in the preloaded position. The IOL retainer includes features for releasably supporting the IOL optic. In IOLs which include one or more haptics attached to and extending from the optic periphery, the IOL retainer further includes features for releasably supporting the haptic(s) as well as the optic. In the preferred embodiment, the haptics are supported by the IOL retainer in the preloaded position at the correct vault angle (i.e., the angle at which they normally extend from the optic periphery).

At manufacturing, the IOL is releasably coupled to the IOL retainer with the optic and haptics held by IOL support elements of the retainer. The retainer is then removably attached to the inserter body at the opening and loading bay thereof. A stripper element extends between the IOL optic and retainer body to prevent the IOL from remaining coupled to the retainer when the retainer is removed from the inserter body. This will be explained more fully below.

Once the device is ready to be used, the package is opened in a sterile field of the surgical room and viscoelastic, as required, is applied about the IOL and/or injector body according to the desires of the surgeon and/or directions for use provided with the packaging. The IOL retainer is then detached from the injector device. This may be done by manually pulling the IOL retainer apart from the injector device. In this regard, a finger pull or other feature is provided on the body of the IOL retainer to facilitate manual decoupling of the retainer from the injector body.

As stated above, a stripper element is provided between the retainer and IOL optic. As such, as the retainer is pulled away from the injector body, the IOL optic presses against the stripper element which thereby prevents the IOL from staying with the retainer as the retainer is decoupled from the injector body. Thus, the movement of the retainer as it is being decoupled from the injector device causes the IOL optic to press against the stripper element and then release from the optic support element of the IOL retainer, in addition to the IOL haptic(s) releasing from the haptic support elements of the IOL retainer. Once fully released from the retainer, the IOL is in the “loaded” position within the injector device and is ready to be compressed and delivered through a small incision into an eye.

In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the retainer and IOL attached thereto may be packaged separately from the injector device whereby the retainer and IOL are attached to the injector body at the time of surgery rather than at the time of manufacture.

The injector includes means for compressing, rolling or otherwise forcing the IOL into a smaller cross-section for delivery through the injector. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the injector device includes a compressor which extends laterally of the IOL loading bay of the injector body. The compressor is movable between fully open and fully closed positions and is in the open position when the injector device is packaged and the IOL is in the storage position. Once the package has been opened and the IOL retainer has been decoupled from the injector device, the compressor is moved to the closed position which compresses the IOL optic. A plunger is advanced at the proximal end of the injector device causing the tip of the plunger to engage the proximal end of the compressed optic. As the plunger is advanced further, the IOL is pushed through the distal end of the injector body and expressed into the eye in the intended manner.

In yet a further preferred embodiment of the invention, a haptic puller is provided at the distal end of the injector body which includes a finger for engaging the leading haptic of the IOL. Prior to fully advancing the plunger, the haptic puller is manually pulled away from the distal tip of the injector device causing the finger portion thereof to pull the leading haptic and straighten it within the distal tip of the injector device. This eliminates the possibility of the leading haptic becoming jammed inside the injector body as the plunger is being fully advanced through the injector device.

The relative positioning of the IOL retainer, the IOL and the injector device is such that upon decoupling the IOL retainer from the injector device (and thus release of the IOL from the retainer), the IOL becomes preferentially positioned inside the injector device. The IOL thus becomes positioned in a particular orientation inside the injector device relative to the plunger tip and haptic puller. This “IOL release position” results in the leading haptic correctly engaging the haptic puller, and the trailing haptic extending rearwardly of the plunger tip so that upon advancement of the plunger, the plunger tip will engage the IOL optic in the intended manner without obstruction or jamming of the trailing haptic.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the invention showing the device with the retainer and IOL coupled to the injector body in the storage position;

FIG. 2A is a partial plan view of the injector body showing the IOL loading bay portion thereof;

FIG. 2B is a partial side elevational view in section showing the trailing haptic residing in a recess located adjacent the plunger tip which is engaging the IOL optic;

FIG. 3A is an enlarged perspective view of the loading bay area of the injector device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken through the IOL loading bay of the injector device with the compressor drawer in the fully open position;

FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 3C-3C of FIG. 3A;

FIG. 3D is the view of FIG. 3C with the compressor drawer shown in the fully closed position;

FIG. 3E is a cross-sectional view taken through the IOL loading bay area and showing an alternate embodiment of the stripper finger component of the injection device;

FIG. 4 is the view of FIG. 1 showing removal of the IOL retainer from the injector body and the compressor drawer in the fully closed position;

FIGS. 5A-5C are perspective, top and side views of the IOL retainer with an IOL releasably held thereby;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the injector device in the process of ejecting an IOL therefrom;

FIG. 7 is the view of FIG. 6 showing the IOL fully ejected from the injector device;

FIGS. 8 and 9 are perspective and plan views of the compressor drawer and stripper finger component of the injector device, respectively;

FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of the partially preloaded embodiment of the invention showing the retainer and IOL coupled together and sealed in a single package;

FIG. 11 is a plan view of the preloaded embodiment of the invention showing the injector body 12, retainer 40 and IOL 30 coupled together and sealed in a single package; and

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the package of FIG. 11 as taken generally along the line 12-12 in FIG. 11.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring now to the drawing, there is seen in the Figures a preferred embodiment of the invention denoted generally by the reference numeral 10. In a first, broad aspect, the invention comprises a preloaded injector device for injecting an IOL into an eye. The term “preloaded” as used herein means that the injector body 12 is packaged together with an IOL wherein the IOL 30 is held by a retainer 40 in a storage position on the injector body (see also Figures. 11 and 12). In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the injector device is “partially preloaded” meaning that the IOL 30 and retainer 40 are coupled and packaged together but not yet coupled to the injector body 12 (see also FIG. 10). In this alternate embodiment, the doctor or nurse attaches the retainer and IOL to the injector body at the time of surgery.

The injector body 12 includes a longitudinal lumen 14 extending from the proximal end 16 to distal end 18 thereof. The lumen may assume any desired cross-sectional shape although circular or oval shapes are preferred. The lumen 14 tapers inwardly toward distal tip 18 so that the IOL 30 is gradually compressed to a very small cross-section as it exits tip 18 a. Tip 18 a may include one or more longitudinally extending slits 18 a′ to permit a gradual expansion of the IOL 30 as it exits the tip 18 a within the eye. This prevents uncontrolled expansion of the IOL in the eye which could potentially damage the delicate surrounding tissues of the eye. Proximal end 16 may include a finger hold flange 17 preferably configured with a straight edge 17 a as shown for resting device 10 on a flat surface. A plunger 20 having distal and proximal lengths 20 a, 20 b, respectively, and a distal plunger tip 22. (see FIG. 2) and proximal thumb press 24 telescopes within lumen 14 for engaging and pushing the IOL 30 through lumen 14 and out of distal tip 18 a. The IOL delivery sequence will be explained in more detail below. It is understood that the overall configuration of the injector body 12 may vary from that shown and described herein. It is furthermore understood that the components of the injector device may be made of any suitable material (e.g., polypropylene) and may be wholly or partly opaque, transparent or translucent to better visualize the IOL within the injector device and the IOL delivery sequence.

Injector body 12 further includes an opening 26 which opens into lumen 14. Opening 26 is configured to accept an IOL 30 therein for delivery of the IOL out distal tip 18 a. Discussion will now be turned to the IOL Preloaded Position followed by discussion of the IOL Load and Delivery Sequence.

The IOL Preloaded Condition

In a preferred embodiment, device 10 includes an IOL retainer 40 used for releasably holding an IOL 30 in the preloaded position relative to injector body 12. The IOL retainer 40, with IOL 30 releasably held thereby, is removably attached to the injector body 14 at opening 26. As seen best in FIGS. 5A-C, IOL retainer 40 includes one or more, but preferably two optic support elements 42 a and 42 b each having a lip 42 a′, 42 b′ or other feature for releasably supporting the IOL optic 31 at the periphery 31 a thereof. Alternatively or in addition to the optic support elements, one or more, but preferably two haptic support elements 44 a and 44 b are provided on retainer 40, each of which include a finger 44 a′, 44 b′ or other feature for releasably supporting one or more, but preferably two haptics 33 a and 33 b which attach to and extend from the optic 31. In this regard, it is understood that the IOL configuration shown and described herein is for discussion purposes only, and that the present invention is not to be limited thereby. The invention may be easily adapted to IOLs of any configuration and type (e.g., IOLs with plate, open or closed loop haptics, anterior chamber IOLs, posterior chamber IOLs, accommodating IOLs (including single and double lens types), etc.). The overall configuration of the IOL retainer 40 may thus likewise vary so as to be cooperatively configured with and releasably hold the particular IOL configuration being used with the device. In all embodiments, the retainer 40 holds at least the IOL optic 31 in the unstressed state. It is furthermore preferable that retainer 40 hold the IOL haptics at the correct vault angle (i.e., the angle from which they normally extend from the IOL optic periphery). It is even furthermore preferable that the haptic support elements maintain loop haptics at the correct angle of curvature. In FIGS. 5A-C, it is seen that the haptic support elements constrain the haptics along the outer curved edges thereof. This ensures that the haptic curvature, which is designed and set at manufacture of the haptics, does not increase or bend out of specification during storage of the IOL and retainer.

At manufacture, the IOL 30 is releasably secured to the IOL retainer 40. This may be done by engaging the IOL optic 31 with the IOL supporting elements 42 a, 42 b, and/or engaging the haptics 33 a, 33 b with the haptic supporting elements 44 a, 44 b, respectively. For purposes of description, haptic 33 a will be referred to as the leading haptic since it becomes located distally in the injector body while haptic 33 b will be referred to as the trailing haptic since it becomes located proximally in the injector body (see FIG. 2).

Releasably attaching the IOL 30 to the IOL retainer 40 may be done by a worker using a pair of tweezers, for example, although other methods may be used as desired, including automated or semi-automated means.

As discussed above, in the preloaded embodiment of the invention, the retainer 40 and IOL 30 are coupled to the injector body 12 at manufacturing and sealed and sterilized in the same package for delivery to the surgeon. For example, as seen in FIGS. 11 and 12, a plastic package 11 thermoformed to include a cavity 11 a in the general shape of the injector device 10 is provided for packaging device 10 together with retainer 40 and IOL 30 coupled thereto. A flexible cover sheet 11 b is sealed about the perimeter of cavity 11 a to seal the package. At the time of surgery, the cover 11 b is peeled back to access device 10.

Thus, once the IOL 30 is releasably secured to retainer 40 as described above, IOL retainer 40 is removably attached to the injector body at opening 26. This may be done via suitable mechanical holding features which will removably connect the retainer 40 to the injector body 12, examples including friction fit, snap fit, interference fit, cooperative tabs and catches, detents, etc. As seen in FIGS. 1 and 3A, retainer 40 is held in place at opening 26 via a friction fit between the surfaces defining opening 26 and the opposite outer wall surfaces 41 a and 41 b of retainer 40. It will be seen that when retainer 40 and IOL 30 are coupled together and attached to injector body 12, IOL optic 31 is unstressed and furthermore does not touch any part of the injector body 12. This ensures the delicate IOL optic 31 will not be damaged during storage.

When retainer 40 and IOL 30 are coupled together and attached to injector body 12, a stripper finger 50 is located between the IOL optic 31 and the center wall surface 46 of retainer 40 as seen best in FIGS. 1, 3A and 3C. The primary function of the stripper finger 50 is to prevent the IOL 30 from lifting with the retainer 40 when the retainer is detached from the injector body (this operation will be described below). In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the stripper finger 50 is attached to the compressor drawer 60 which is movable with respect to injector body 12 between a fully open position as seen in FIG. 3B, a mid-way position seen in FIGS. 1, 3A, 3C and 3E, and the fully closed position seen in FIGS. 3D, 4, 6 and 7. The stripper finger 50 is located between the IOL optic 31 and center wall surface 46 when the compressor 60 is in the mid-way position, which is also the preloaded position of the injector device as described herein. When the compressor drawer 60 is moved to the fully closed position, the stripper finger 50 moves therewith and comes to rest in a position laterally adjacent the injector body 12 as seen in FIGS. 3D, 4, 6 and 7.

In an alternate embodiment, the stripper finger 50 may be formed separate from the compressor drawer 60 if desired. One such example is seen in FIG. 3E where the stripper finger 50 is formed with a clip 50 a which may be mounted to injector body 12 opposite to and separately of compressor drawer 60. In this embodiment, the stripper finger 50 is removed from the injector body 12 after removal of retainer 40 and prior to closing the compressor drawer 60. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art for stripping the IOL 30 from the retainer 40 as the retainer is removed from the injector body 12 and are thus within the scope of this invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 6 and 7, it is seen that the plunger 20 includes distal and proximal plunger shaft lengths 20 a, 20 b, respectively, having a plunger tip 22 at the distal end thereof and a thumb press 24 at the proximal end thereof for manually operating the injector device. The plunger tip 22 is configured for engaging the IOL optic 31 at the periphery 31 a thereof as the plunger 20 is advanced toward the distal tip 18 a of the injector body 12. It is very important that the plunger tip 22 not damage the IOL optic 31. The plunger tip 22 is thus designed to prevent damage to the IOL optic 31. In the preferred embodiment, the tip is bifurcated into first and second tip portions 22 a and 22 b, whereby the IOL optic periphery 31 a becomes engaged between tip portions 22 a, 22 b as seen in FIG. 2B. It is understood that other plunger tip designs may be used with the present invention as desired. It is furthermore preferred that the plunger shaft is rotationally fixed within lumen 14 to prevent unexpected rotation of the shaft (and thus the tip 22) with the lumen 14. The plunger shaft may be rotationally fixed by forming the proximal shaft length 20 b and lumen 14 non-circular in cross-section.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the proximal length 20 b of the plunger shaft is provided with one or more elongated fingers 23 a, 23 b forming springs which are biased radially outwardly against the interior wall of lumen 14 (see FIGS. 1 and 6). The purpose of spring fingers 23 a, 23 b is to provide proper centering of the plunger shaft and tip, as well as tactile resistance between the plunger 20 and the lumen 14 as the plunger 20 is advanced therethrough. In the storage position, the plunger 20 is retracted to the position shown in FIG. 1. To ensure the plunger is not unintentionally dislodged from the injector body or unintentionally advanced within lumen 14, the free ends 23 a′ and 23 b′ are located within respective openings 21 a, 21 b (opening 21 b not shown) formed in the injector body 12 adjacent the proximal end 16 thereof. When it is time to use the device, the surgeon presses upon the thumb press 24 whereupon the free ends 23 a′, 23 b′, assisted by their slanting edge faces, disengage from respective openings 21 a, 21 b, allowing the plunger to be freely advanced in a controlled manner through lumen 14. The bias of the spring fingers 23 a, 23 b against the interior wall of the lumen 14 provides the surgeon with continuous tactile feedback allowing the surgeon to advance the plunger (and thus the IOL) through the lumen 14 in a very concise and controlled manner.

Referring again to the plunger/IOL engagement, it is important that the IOL trailing haptic 33 b not interfere with the plunger tip/optic engagement. In this regard, the end portion of the trailing haptic locates rearwardly of the plunger tip upon removal of retainer 40 and release of IOL 30 therefrom. In a preferred embodiment, a recessed area 25 is provided rearwardly of tip 22 on plunger shaft length 20 a (FIG. 2A). With the plunger 20 in the ready position seen in FIG. 1, the recessed area 25 of the plunger is generally aligned with the trailing haptic 33 b of the IOL 30 held by retainer 40. As such, upon detaching retainer 40 from injector body 20, the trailing haptic 33 b will release from the haptic support element 44 b and fall into recessed area 25 of the plunger 20. Thus, as the plunger 20 is advanced during use of the device in surgery, the trailing haptic 33 b will reside in recessed area 25 and not become entangled or otherwise interfere with the proper engagement of the plunger tip and IOL optic (FIG. 2B).

Referring to the leading haptic 33 a, it is important that the leading haptic not become “bunched up” inside the continuously tapering injector tip 18 as the IOL 30 is being pushed therethrough. One way to prevent this from happening is to straighten the leading haptic 33 a within tip 18. To accomplish this, a haptic puller 80 is provided which is the subject of commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 6,491,697, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Haptic puller 80 has a shaft 82, tip 84 and finger pull 86. At assembly, the tip 84 is inserted into the injector tip with the finger pull located outwardly adjacent thereto (see FIG. 4). The tip 84 is configured with a lip to engage the leading haptic 33 a (see FIG. 2A). At the time of use of device 10, the haptic puller 80 is grasped at finger pull 86 and pulled away from the injector body 12 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 6, thereby engaging and straightening the leading haptic 33 a within tip 18, whereupon the haptic puller 80 may be discarded.

To ensure the leading haptic 33 a becomes engaged with the haptic puller tip 84 when the IOL retainer 40 is removed from injector body 12, the haptic puller tip 84 is positioned in injector tip 18 in alignment with the leading haptic 33 a as it is held by the haptic supporting element 44 a of IOL retainer 40. Thus, upon detaching IOL retainer 40 from the injector body 12, the leading haptic 33 a releases from the haptic supporting element 44 a and falls into place on the haptic puller tip 84 as shown in FIG. 2A.

The IOL Loaded Condition and Delivery Sequence

When it is time to use the injector device 10, the surgeon selects the injector device with the appropriate IOL preloaded therein as described above. The outer packaging is removed in a sterile field of the surgical suite. To load the IOL into the delivery position seen in FIG. 2A, the nurse or surgeon grasps and removes IOL retainer 40 from injector body 12. This is accomplished by manually grasping finger grip 41 and pulling the retainer 40 away from the injector body 12 as shown by directional arrow 1 in FIG. 4. As described above, the stripper finger 50 acts to prevent the IOL 30 from lifting together with retainer 40. Thus, the IOL optic 31 will release from the IOL optic support element 42 a, 42 b and the leading and trailing haptics 33 a, 33 b will release from their respective haptic support elements 44 a, 44 b. Once the retainer 40 has been fully detached from injector body 12, it may be discarded or recycled. With the IOL 30 thus fully released from retainer 40, the IOL optic 31 comes to rest in the loading bay area 27 of the injector lumen 14 with the leading haptic 33 a engaging the haptic puller tip 84 and the trailing haptic 33 b locating in the recessed area 25 adjacent the plunger tip 22 as described above. In this regard, it is noted that upon release of the IOL 30 from the retainer 40, IOL 30 will drop slightly in lumen 14. This is seen best in FIGS. 3C and 3D where in FIG. 3C, IOL 30 is held by retainer 40 with the optic periphery 31 a located slightly above groove 14 a which is formed in and extends longitudinally along the inside wall of lumen 14. Upon removal of retainer 40 and release of IOL 30 therefrom, the optic periphery 31 a becomes aligned with groove 14 a along one side of the lumen. Then, upon moving compressor drawer 60 to the fully closed position (see directional arrow 2 in FIG. 4), the opposite edge of the optic periphery 31 a becomes engaged in groove 60 a of drawer 60 (see also FIG. 8). Thus, lumen 14 together with lumen groove 14 a, drawer groove 60 a, and drawer top wall 60 b compresses and encases IOL optic 31 within lumen 14. The locating of the optic periphery 31 a inside opposite grooves 14 a and 60 a ensures a planar delivery of the IOL 30 through lumen 14 and out tip 18. This manner of IOL planar delivery is described in more detail in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 6,491,697 referred to above.

Prior to removing retainer 40, closing drawer 60 and compressing the IOL 30 inside the injector body, it may be desirable to apply viscoelastic to the area surrounding the IOL 30 to ease delivery of the IOL through the injector body. This is a common practice in the industry and the amount and location of viscoelastic application varies according to the instructions for use provided with the device as well as the desires of the surgeon. In any event, in a preferred embodiment, one or more viscoelastic access ports are provided on the injector device to facilitate application of the viscoelastic in the area of the IOL. One or more access ports P₁ may thus be provided in the form of a through-hole in stripper finger 50. The access port P₁ is accessible via an injection nozzle inserted into visco port P₁. Alternatively or in addition to access ports P₁, one or more access ports P₂ may be provided at any desired location through the wall of tip 18 (see FIGS. 3B-D). Alternatively or in addition to visco ports P₁ and P₂, visco may be applied in loading bay 27 at the openings P₃ and P₄ defined between the optic and haptic support elements of retainer 40 (see FIG. 3A). Once the viscoelastic has been applied as desired, retainer 40 is removed and the compressor drawer 60 is moved to the fully closed position whereupon the IOL optic 31 is compressed and ready for delivery through a small incision formed in an eye. The fully closed position of drawer 60 and compressed position of the IOL 30 is seen in FIG. 3D as described above. Drawer 60 is slidably received between cooperatively formed drawer slides 61 a, 61 b extending laterally from injector body 12 adjacent opening 26. Detents or other features (not shown) may be provided on the facing surfaces of drawer slides 61 a, 61 b and drawer 60 to assist in maintaining drawer 60 in the fully open and mid-way positions, respectively. Such drawer holding features are especially useful in preventing unintentional sliding and/or complete closing of drawer 60 prior to the time needed (e.g., during storage or opening of device 10 from its associated packaging).

At this time, the haptic puller 80 is pulled away from the injector body 12 (FIG. 6) and the leading haptic 33 a is straightened within injector tip 18. If desired or required, the plunger 20 may be advanced slightly prior to removing the haptic puller 80. The surgeon inserts the injector tip 18 a into the incision cut into the eye and begins advancing the plunger 20. As the plunger 20 is advanced, the plunger tip 22 engages the optic periphery 31 a and pushes IOL 30 forwardly with the trailing haptic 33 b remaining located in recess 25 of plunger 20. Upon continued advancement of the plunger 20, the IOL 30 is pushed through the injector tip 18 a and is finally expressed therefrom and into the eye (FIG. 7). A helical spring 27 may be provided about plunger shaft distal length 20 a to provide increasing bias in the reverse direction as the plunger reaches the fully advanced position. This occurs as spring 27 is compressed between the leading edge 20 b′ of proximal shaft length 20 b and the radial extension 12 a of injector body 12 (see FIGS. 1 and 6). This assists the surgeon in maintaining precise control over plunger (and hence IOL) advancement and allows automatic retraction of the plunger upon relieving the pushing pressure being exerted against the plunger thumb press 24. This is useful for easily executing a second stroke of the plunger in order to engage and manipulate the trailing haptic into place in the eye. This feature, together with the bifurcated plunger tip 22, allows a more precise control and manipulation of the IOL with the plunger tip in-situ than would be possible with an injector device not having these features.

The Partially Preloaded Condition

In an alternate embodiment of the invention, rather than being fully preloaded as described above, the injector device is “partially preloaded”, meaning that the IOL 30 and retainer 40 are coupled together as shown in FIGS. 5A-C and sealed in a package 51 as shown in FIG. 10 which is separate from another package in which the injector body 12 is supplied. Package 51 may be thermoformed to include a cavity 51 a in the general shape of retainer 40 and IOL 30 as coupled together. A flexible cover sheet 51 b is sealed about the perimeter of cavity 51 a to seal the retainer 40 and IOL 30 in package 51. This embodiment allows the doctor to choose a package having a retainer and specific IOL model therein. This is then combined with the separately packaged injector body 12 which is common to all IOL models. Thus, in this alternate embodiment, the doctor or nurse removes cover 51 b to retrieve retainer 40 and IOL 30 therefrom. The injector body 12 is removed from its respective packaging and the retainer 40 having an IOL 30 already coupled thereto is attached to the injector body 12 at the time of surgery. It will be appreciated that direct handling and manipulation of the IOL 30 itself is not required in either the preloaded or partially preloaded embodiments of the invention.

In the partially preloaded embodiment, the injector body 12 is supplied with the compressor drawer 60 in the fully open position seen in FIG. 3B such that the stripper finger 50 is located laterally adjacent the opening 26 (or the stripper finger is not yet attached to the injector body 12 where the stripper finger is a separate component). The nurse or doctor then opens the package housing the inserter body and proceeds to couple the retainer and IOL to the injector body through opening 26. Once the retainer 40 and IOL 30 are coupled to the inserter body 12, the stripper finger 50 is inserted between the retainer wall surface 46 and IOL optic 31. This may be done by advancing the compressor drawer 60 to the mid-way position seen in FIGS. 1, 3A and 3C. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3E, this is accomplished by attaching the stripper finger 50 and clip 50 a combination to the injector body 12 opposite drawer 60. 

1. An IOL retainer adapted to releasably hold an IOL in an unstressed condition, said retainer adapted to be removably attached to an IOL injector while maintaining said IOL in said unstressed condition, whereby removal of the retainer from the IOL injector results in the IOL decoupling from the retainer and locating in the injector ready for delivery therethrough and into an eye.
 2. The retainer of claim 1, wherein said IOL becomes located in the injector in an unstressed condition.
 3. The retainer of claim 1, wherein said retainer and IOL are coupled together and sealed in a package for delivery to a surgeon.
 4. The retainer of claim 3, wherein said retainer and said IOL are sterilized in said package.
 5. The retainer of claim 1, and further comprising an injector body having proximal and distal ends with a lumen extending longitudinally therebetween, said injector body including an opening extending into said lumen and wherein said retainer may be removably attached.
 6. The retainer of claim 1, and further comprising a stripper element located between the retainer and IOL, said stripper element operable to prevent the IOL from releasing with the retainer as the retainer is removed from the injector.
 7. A retainer adapted to releasably hold an IOL having an optic and an optic periphery, said retainer having one or more support elements for releasably holding IOL, said retainer adapted to be removably attached to an IOL injector device for transferring said IOL from said retainer to said injector.
 8. The retainer of claim 7 wherein said support elements are optic support elements for releasably holding said IOL optic periphery.
 9. The retainer of claim 7 wherein said IOL includes one or more haptics and said support elements are haptic support elements for releasably holding said haptics.
 10. The retainer of claim 9 wherein said haptics have a predetermined curvature and said haptic support elements are cooperatively configured to the curvature of the haptics so as to constrain and maintain the curvature of the haptics during the time the IOL is attached to the retainer.
 11. The retainer of claim 7 wherein said retainer is disposed of following transfer of said IOL to said injector.
 12. The retainer of claim 7, wherein said retainer holds and then transfers said IOL to the injector with the IOL in a continuously unstressed condition.
 13. An IOL injector device comprising: a) an injector body; b) a retainer adapted to releasably hold an IOL, said retainer and IOL removably connected to said injector body, whereby upon removing said retainer from said injector body, said IOL releases from said retainer and locates within said injector body.
 14. The IOL injector device of claim 13 wherein said injector device including said retainer and said IOL connected thereto are sealed in a single package.
 15. The injector device of claim 13 wherein said IOL is held by said retainer in an unstressed condition.
 16. The injector device of claim 13 wherein said IOL locates within said injector body in an unstressed condition.
 17. An IOL injector device changeable between a preloaded IOL condition, and a subsequent loaded IOL condition, said preloaded IOL condition of said injector device comprising: a) an injector body having opposite proximal and distal ends and a lumen extending longitudinally therebetween; b) a retainer removably attached to an opening formed in the injector body, said retainer adapted to releasably hold an IOL in a preloaded position with respect to the injector body; c) a stripper finger located between the IOL and retainer; and d) a plunger for advancing the IOL through the lumen and out the distal end of the injector body, whereby at time of use, the injector device is changed to the IOL loaded condition by detaching the retainer from the injector body with the stripper finger acting to prevent the IOL from releasing with the retainer, and thereby causing the IOL to locate in the lumen for subsequent engagement by the plunger.
 18. The injector device of claim 17, wherein the injector device including the retainer and IOL is sealed in the same package while in said preloaded IOL condition.
 19. The injector device of claim 17, and further comprising a compressor for compressing the IOL in the lumen prior to engagement by the plunger, the compressor being connected to the injector body and movable between open and closed positions with respect thereto, said closed position resulting in the IOL becoming compressed inside the lumen.
 20. The injector device of claim 19 wherein the stripper finger is attached to and movable with the compressor.
 21. The injector device of claim 17 wherein said stripper finger is attached to a clip adapted to be removably attached to the injector body.
 22. The injector device of claim 17 wherein the stripper finger includes a through-hole comprising a viscoelastic access port.
 23. The injector device of claim 17 wherein the injector body includes a through-hole comprising a viscoelastic port.
 24. The injector device of claim 17, and further comprising a haptic puller having a haptic puller tip positioned in the lumen in the preloaded condition of the IOL injection device, said haptic puller tip configured to engage the leading haptic of the IOL and subsequently straighten the leading haptic within the distal tip of the injector body upon removing the haptic puller from the injector body.
 25. The injector device of claim 17, wherein said plunger includes a plunger tip for engaging the IOL, and a recess formed in said plunger adjacent said plunger tip, said recess adapted to locate the trailing haptic of the IOL rearwardly of said plunger tip.
 26. The injector device of claim 17, wherein said plunger includes proximal and distal shaft lengths, and further comprising one or more spring finger elements attached to said proximal shaft length and operable to apply a biasing force against the interior of the injector body lumen as said plunger is pushed through said injector body.
 27. The injector device of claim 26, wherein said injector body includes proximal and distal ends, and further comprising one or more openings formed therethrough adjacent the proximal end thereof and wherein said one or more spring fingers each have a respective free end which may be removably located in a respective said opening.
 28. The injector device of claim 17, wherein said plunger includes proximal and distal shaft lengths, said proximal shaft length being cooperatively configured with said lumen so as to rotationally fix said plunger with respect to said lumen.
 29. The injector device of claim 28, wherein said proximal shaft length includes a leading edge and said lumen includes a radial extension, and further comprising a helical spring attached to said plunger distal shaft length and compressible between said leading edge and said radial extension as said plunger is advanced through said injector body.
 30. A plunger for telescoping within a lumen defined by a lumen wall of an intraocular injector body, said plunger having a plunger shaft including at least one elongated spring finger having a first end fixed to said plunger shaft and a second, free end extending toward said plunger tip, said free end exerting a biasing force against said lumen wall.
 31. The plunger of claim 30, and further comprising a second elongated spring finger having a first end fixed to said plunger shaft and a second, free end extending toward said plunger tip, said second spring finger free end applying a biasing force against said lumen wall on a side of said shaft opposite said first spring finger free end.
 32. A method for loading an IOL into an internal passageway of an injector body comprising the steps of: a) providing a retainer adapted to releasably hold an IOL; b) releasably attaching an IOL to said retainer; c) removably attaching said retainer to said injector body; and d) removing said retainer from said injector body, whereupon said IOL releases from said retainer and becomes located in said open passageway.
 33. The method of claim 32, and further comprising the step of packaging said injector body, said retainer and said IOL together while said retainer is attached to said injector body and said IOL is releasably attached to said retainer.
 34. The method of claim 32, and further comprising the step of providing a stripper element located between said IOL and said retainer, said stripper element operable to prevent said IOL from remaining with said retainer as said retainer is removed from said injector body.
 35. The method of claim 32, and further comprising the steps of: e) providing a compressor and compressing said IOL in said open passageway; and f) providing a plunger having a plunger tip in said open passage and advancing said plunger therethrough, thereby pushing said IOL with said plunger tip to eject said IOL from said injector body.
 36. The method of claim 35 and further comprising the step of applying a viscoelastic to one or both of said IOL and said open passageway prior to said compression step.
 37. The method of claim 32, and further comprising the steps of: e) providing a plunger having a plunger tip in said open passageway for advancing said IOL through said open passageway; f) providing an IOL having an optic and a trailing haptic extending from said optic; and g) relatively positioning said retainer with said IOL releasably held thereby and said plunger in said open passageway such that upon removal of said retainer and release of said IOL therefrom into said open passageway, said trailing haptic becomes located rearwardly of said plunger tip such that upon advancing said plunger through said open passageway, said plunger tip engages said IOL optic without contacting said trailing haptic.
 38. The method of claim 32, and further comprising the steps of: e) providing an IOL with an optic and a leading haptic extending from said optic; f) providing a haptic puller having a haptic puller tip removably inserted into said open passageway and adapted to engage and straighten said leading haptic within said distal end upon removing said haptic puller from said injector body; and g) relatively positioning said retainer with said IOL releasably held thereby and said haptic puller in said open passageway such that upon removal of said retainer and release of said IOL therefrom into said open passageway, said leading haptic becomes located adjacent said haptic puller tip.
 39. The method of claim 32, and further comprising the steps of: e) providing an IOL having leading and trailing haptics extending from said optic; f) providing a plunger having a plunger tip in said open passageway for advancing said IOL through said open passageway; g) providing a haptic puller having a haptic puller tip removably inserted into said open passageway and adapted to engage and pull said at least one haptic out of said distal end upon removing said haptic puller from said injector body; and h) relatively positioning said retainer with said IOL releasably held thereby, said plunger, and said haptic puller in said open passageway such that upon removal of said retainer and release of said IOL therefrom into said open passageway, said trailing haptic becomes located on the side of said plunger tip opposite said optic, and said leading haptic becomes located adjacent said haptic puller tip.
 40. The method of claim 32, and further comprising the steps of: e) providing a stripper element located between said IOL and said retainer, said stripper element acting to prevent said IOL from lifting with said retainer upon removing said retainer from said injector body; and f) providing a compressor movable between an open position and a closed position with respect to said injector body, said compressor being in said open position when said retainer is attached to said injector body and said IOL is held by said retainer; and g) following the step of removing said retainer from said injector body, moving said compressor to said closed position and thereby compressing said IOL in said open passageway.
 41. The method of claim 40, wherein said compressor and said stripper element are connected and move together whereby the step of moving said compressor to said closed position causes said stripper element to move away said injector body.
 42. A method for packaging an IOL and injector together comprising the steps of: a) providing an IOL having an optic; b) providing an IOL retainer adapted to releasably hold said IOL and releasably attaching said IOL to said retainer; c) providing an injector body having an IOL delivery passageway and removably attaching said retainer and said IOL to said injector body with said IOL in communication with said delivery passageway; d) providing a compressor for compressing the IOL in the injector body; e) providing a stripper element and locating said stripper element between said IOL and said retainer; and f) providing a package and placing said injector body with said retainer, said IOL, said compressor and said stripper element in a package for delivery to a surgeon.
 43. The method of claim 42 and further comprising the step of sterilizing said package prior to delivery to said surgeon. 